Table 2 Variables included in the statistical analysis and their definition (observation unit: respondent).
Variable | Definition/classification |
|---|---|
Overall perceptions | |
Alertness | Share (%) of total answers on drivers of deforestation with “strong” (4) or “very strong” (5) influence |
AlertnessCom | Share (%) of total answers on drivers of deforestation related to commercial economy with “strong” (4) or “very strong” (5) influence |
AlertnessSub | Share (%) of total answers on drivers of deforestation related to subsistence economy with “strong” (4) or “very strong” (5) influence |
Confidence | Share (%) of total answers on policy instruments with “strong” (4) or “very strong” (5) influence |
Expected importance of drivers of deforestation and forest degradation (future 10 years) | |
Agriculture | Expected importance (%) of drivers related to expansion of agriculture (includes commercial and subsistence, crops/pastures/agroforestry, shifting cultivation…) |
Logging | Expected importance (%) of drivers related to logging and extraction of timber and other forest resources involving tree cutting (both legal/illegal activities) |
Woodfuel | Expected importance (%) of drivers related to firewood/woodfuel collection and charcoal production |
Oilmining | Expected importance (%) of drivers related to oil and mining activities (e.g. exploration) |
Infrastructure | Expected importance (%) of drivers related to expansion of urban areas and infrastructure development (road construction, bridges…) |
Plantations | Expected importance (%) of drivers related to the expansion of timber plantations |
Naturaldisasters | Expected importance (%) of drivers related to natural disasters (e.g. drought, fires, flooding, landslides, earthquakes…) |
Otherdrivers | Expected importance (%) of other drivers mentioned by the participants (mostly underlying drivers, e.g. political and tenure conflicts, lack of education) |
Expected effectiveness of policy instruments (future 10 years) | |
Reforestation | Expected effectiveness (%) of policy instruments related to reforestation, regrowth of natural forest, passive/active forms of forest restoration or establishment of agroforestry areas |
Protectedareas | Expected effectiveness (%) of policy instruments related to protected areas restricting access or use of forest, including state reserves, indigenous or private forests |
AntiLogging | Expected effectiveness (%) of policy instruments related to measures against illegal logging, including different forms of banning, moratoriums, stronger controls (e.g. patrolling, rangers, regulating timber exports) |
Financialtools | Expected effectiveness (%) of policy instruments related to financial mechanisms, including certification, business-funded incentives or PESs (e.g. REDD +) |
Landuserights | Expected effectiveness (%) of policy instruments related to improved and secured land titling, decentralization, local participation, community-based and integrated forest management |
Otherpolicies | Expected effectiveness (%) of other policy instruments mentioned by the participants, e.g. improving education, sensitization, promoting alternative livelihood/energy sources, international involvement, better governance, less political interference |
