Table 2 Patient demographics and clinicopathologic characteristics in surgery cohort and Chinese validation cohort.

From: Development of a predictive model to identify patients most likely to benefit from surgery in metastatic breast cancer

Demographic or characteristic

Total

Surgery cohort

Chinese cohort

P-value

n = 1111 (100%)

n = 1018 (100%)

n = 93 (100%)

Age

  < 60

586 (52.7%)

533 (52.4%)

53 (57.0%)

0.392

  ≥ 60

525 (47.3%)

485 (47.6%)

40 (43.0%)

Sex

 Male

14 (1.3%)

14 (1.4%)

0 (0.0%)

0.255

 Female

1097 (98.7%)

1004 (98.6%)

93 (100%)

Year of diagnosis

 2010–2012

538 (48.4%)

498 (48.9%)

40 (43.0%)

0.275

 2013–2015

573 (51.6%)

520 (51.1%)

53 (57.0%)

Socioeconomic status

 High SES

398 (35.8%)

362 (35.6%)

36 (38.7%)

0.544

 Low SES

713 (64.2%)

656 (64.4%)

57 (61.3%)

Grade

 Grade I

48 (4.3%)

45 (4.4%)

3 (3.2%)

0.586

 Grade II

473 (42.6%)

429 (42.1%)

44 (47.3%)

 Grade III

590 (53.1%)

544 (53.4%)

46 (49.5%)

Tumor size (mm)

  < 20

108 (9.7%)

94 (9.2%)

14 (15.1%)

0.187

 20–50

585 (52.7%)

540 (53.0%)

45 (48.4%)

  > 50

418(37.6%)

384 (37.7%)

34 (36.6%)

T stage

 T1

108 (9.7%)

96 (9.4%)

12 (12.9%)

0.732

 T2

466 (41.9%)

428 (42.0%)

38 (40.9%)

 T3

175 (15.8%)

160 (15.7%)

15 (16.1%)

 T4

362 (32.6%)

334 (32.8%)

28 (30.1%)

N stage

 N0

216 (19.4%)

203 (19.9%)

13 (14.0%)

0.338

 N1

570 (51.3%)

521 (51.2%)

49 (52.7%)

 N2

133 (12.0%)

123 (12.1%)

10 (10.8%)

 N3

192 (17.3%)

171 (16.8%)

21 (22.6%)

Chemotherapy

 Yes

433 (39.0%)

395 (38.8%)

38 (40.9%)

0.697

 No/unknown

678 (61.0%)

623 (61.2%)

55 (59.1%)

Radiotherapy

 Yes

757 (68.1%)

694 (68.2%)

63 (67.7%)

0.932

 No/unknown

354 (31.9%)

324 (31.8%)

30 (32.3%)

Metastasis pattern (yes vs. no)

 Liver metastasis

170 (15.3%)

161 (15.8%)

9 (9.7%)

0.116

 Brain metastasis

19 (1.7%)

17 (1.7%)

2 (2.2%)

0.732

 Bone metastasis

730 (65.7%)

670 (65.8%)

60 (64.5%)

0.801

 Lung metastasis

261 (23.5%)

237 (23.3%)

24 (25.8%)

0.582

 Multiple sites

194 (17.5%)

174 (17.1%)

20 (21.5%)

0.283

Breast subtype

 HR + /HER2-

713 (64.2%)

661 (64.9%)

52 (55.9%)

0.127

 HR + /HER2 + 

160 (14.4%)

142 (13.9%)

18 (19.4%)

 HR-/HER2 + 

91 (8.2%)

79 (7.8%)

12 (12.9%)

 HR-/HER2-

147 (13.2%)

136 (13.4%)

11 (11.8%)

Location

 Central2

80 (7.2%)

74 (7.3%)

6 (6.5%)

0.101

 Upper

372 (33.5%)

340 (33.4%)

32 (34.4%)

 Lower

125 (11.3%)

115 (11.3%)

10 (10.8%)

 Axillary tail

8 (0.7%)

5 (0.5%)

3 (3.2%)

 Overlapping

265 (23.9%)

245 (24.1%)

20 (21.5%)

 Other3

261 (23.5%)

239 (23.5%)

22 (23.7%)

Marital status

 Unmarried

577 (51.9%)

536 (52.7%)

41 (44.1%)

0.113

 Married

534 (48.1%)

482 (47.3%)

52 (55.9%)

  1. *1: American Indian/AK Native, Asian/Pacific Islander; 2: central portion of breast or nipple; 3: Breast,NOS.