Table 2 Potential driving factors.

From: CLUMondo-BNU for simulating land system changes based on many-to-many demand–supply relationships with adaptive conversion orders

Category

No.

Data

Year

Source

Soil

1

Bulk density

2017

41

2

Cation exchange capacity

2017

3

Clay content

2017

4

Coarse fragments volumetric

2017

5

Derived available soil water capacity

2017

6

Organic carbon density

2017

7

pH in H2O

2017

8

Sand content

2017

9

Silt content

2017

10

Texture class

2017

Socio-economic

11

Market access index

2011

42

12

Market influence index ($/person)

2011

13

Market density index

2011

14

Night-time lights

2010

DMSP-OLS Version 4

15

Total GDP (based on purchasing power parity)

2015

43

16

Gridded population of the world

2010

44

Accessibility

17

Time to nearest cities

2015

45

18

Distance to the nearest river

N/A

Calculated in this study

19

Distance to the nearest road

N/A

20

Distance to the nearest railway

N/A

21

Travel time one meter (motorized)

2019

46

22

Travel time one meter (walking-only)

2019

23

Time to the nearest healthcare facility (motorized)

2019

24

Time to the nearest healthcare facility (walking-only)

2019

Agriculture and vegetation

25

175 crops yield per hectare

2000

47

26

Gross primary production-March/June/September/December

2010

48

27

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)-March

2010

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3256275

28

NDVI-June/September/December

2010

Terrain

29

Elevation

2000

49

30

Variance of elevation

N/A

Calculated in this study

31

Slope

N/A

32

Aspect

N/A

Climate

33

Annual mean precipitation

2007–2018 avg

https://doi.org/10.5067/modis/myd13a2.006

34

Mean precipitation-March/June/September/December

2007–2018 avg

35

Annual mean temperature

2000–2017 avg

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1435938

36

Mean temperature-March/June/September/December

2000–2017 avg

Livestock

37

Buffaloes

2010

https://doi.org/10.7910/dvn/5u8mwi

38

Cattle

2010

https://doi.org/10.7910/dvn/givq75

39

Chickens

2010

https://doi.org/10.7910/dvn/sufasb

40

Ducks

2010

https://doi.org/10.7910/dvn/ichcbh

41

Goats

2010

https://doi.org/10.7910/dvn/ocph42

42

Horses

2010

https://doi.org/10.7910/dvn/7q52mv

43

Pigs

2010

https://doi.org/10.7910/dvn/33n0jg

44

Sheep

2010

https://doi.org/10.7910/dvn/blwpzn

  1. N/A not available, “avg” average (because only average data were released).