Table 2 Results of mixed design analyses of variance for selected regions of interest.

From: Exposure to hate speech deteriorates neurocognitive mechanisms of the ability to understand others’ pain

Effect

Left TPJ

Right TPJ

Left insula

Right insula

Left dACC

Right dACC

F

ηp2

F

ηp2

F

ηp2

F

ηp2

F

ηp2

F

ηp2

C

0.92

0.028

0.20

0.006

0.11

0.003

0.00

< 0.001

1.30

0.039

0.83

0.025

E

0.18

< 0.001

1.08

0.001

0.00

< 0.001

0.05

< 0.001

0.79

0.001

0.07

< 0.001

C × E

0.03

< 0.001

0.46

< 0.001

0.44

0.001

0.87

< 0.001

1.40

0.002

0.46

< 0.001

S

7.36*

0.018

14.52***

0.050

6.24*

0.008

6.11*

0.010

22.49***

0.045

5.95*

0.010

C × S

0.45

0.001

9.75**

0.034

3.29

0.004

3.48

0.006

3.32

0.007

0.10

< 0.001

E × S

0.03

< 0.001

0.09

< 0.001

3.41

0.007

3.97

0.002

1.62

0.001

3.33

0.003

C × E × S

1.52

0.002

1.65

0.003

0.02

< 0.001

0.00

< 0.001

0.83

< 0.001

0.65

< 0.001

  1. N = 30. Degrees of freedom are 1 and 28 for all effects. C = Comments (neutral vs. hateful), E = Ethnicity (Arab vs. Polish), S = Story (no pain vs. pain).
  2. *p < 0.05 *p < 0.01 ***p < 0.001.