Table 9 Comparison of other adsorbents versus Gel@GO-F-ZrSiO₄@Gel for removal efficiency of Basic fuchsine dye.

Defatted carica papaya seeds

Optimum mass = 6 g/L

Optimum pH = 3 ,

Optimum Time = 40 min

95.08%

⁵⁷

Mussel shell biomass waste

Dye concentration = 50–200 mg L⁻¹, Adsorbent dose = 500 mg,

Contact time = 240 min,

Optimum pH = 6

Removal = 91.2%

⁵⁸

HCl treated malted sorghum mash

Optimum time = 30 min,

Optimum pH = 6–8

Adsorbent dose = 50–400 mg

Removal capacity = 58.48 mg/g

⁵⁹

Graphite oxide modified aromatic polyurethane foam

Time = 10 h,

pH = 8,

Adsorbent dose = 50 mg mL^-1

Removal = 84.6–99%

⁶⁰

Polyacrylamide/laponite nanocomposite hydrogels

pH = 7.5,

Adsorbent dose = 2.5 g

Removal capacity = 22.60 mg/g

⁶¹

Recyclable Fe3O4@CD magnetic microspheres

Optimum dye concentration = 25 mg/L optimum adsorbent dosage = 100 mg

Optimum pH = 7

Removal = 95%

⁶²

TiO₂/MWCNTs

Optimum time = 40 min

Optimum pH = 6

Removal = 98.0%

²⁵

Gelatin@graphene oxide-crosslinked-zirconium silicate@gelatin

Dye concentration = 5–10 mg L^-1

Optimum pH = 7

Optimum mass = 15 mg

Optimum time = 10 min

Removal = 95.2–96.0%

This work