Figure 2

Effects of phosphate and magnesium on DolKT-1 cell calcification. Morphological features of cells exposed to 0.9 mM phosphate and 0.8 mM magnesium (control), 1.5 mM phosphate, 2 mM phosphate, 1.5 mM phosphate + 2 mM magnesium, and 2 mM phosphate + 2 mM magnesium (A). The images were taken after 72 h of exposure. Magnification, × 42. Von Kossa staining shows calcium deposition in each experimental group at 3, 5, and 7 days of exposure. Images are representative of three separate experiments (B). Quantitative analysis of Von Kossa staining was performed using morphometric analysis by Image J (Image J bundled with 64-bit Java 8; https://imagej.nih.gov/ij/download.html?fbclid=IwAR060tXklMhoVowfvHzwq9sNxID7_IkQBrPxqD6Ej4fN68jqlGbYma40eFc) on the pooled results of three separate experiments (C). n = 4 for each group in each culture condition. ***P < 0.001 vs. control; ^#P < 0.05, ^###P < 0.001 vs. 2 mM phosphate, respectively. DolKT-1 cells Dolphin proximal tubular cells.