Figure 4

Treatment (orange bars) and control (yellow bars) zone metrics from the movement assay, including determining how MVOCs affect the mean (± SE) frequency of entering each zone (top panel), the cumulative duration spent in each zone (middle panel), and the latency to finding and entering each zone (bottom panel) by adult L. serricorne for a period of 30 min using video-tracking with a network camera coupled with Ethovision Software in the laboratory at the USDA-ARS Center for Grain and Animal Health Research in Manhattan, KS. The treatment zone contains a single hard winter wheat kernel, while the control zone does not contain any stimuli (neg. ctrl). There was a total of n = 20 replicate adults tested per treatment, translating to 50 h of data in this assay. Upper case letters represent multiple comparisons among levels of the control zones only, while lower case letters represent multiple comparisons among levels of the treatment zones only. Bars with shared letters are not significantly different from each other (Tukey HSD, α = 0.05). Asterisks (*) indicate post-hoc comparisons using paired t-tests (with Bonferroni correction), and only significant results have been displayed on applicable bars. Neg. Ctrl, negative control; UV-grain, UV-sanitized grain; P. Ctrl, uninoculated grain; FS-grain, F. verticillioides-inoculated grain; AF-grain, A. flavus-inoculated grain.