Figure 1

Sonograms illustrating variation of song of the Aquatic Warbler males. The ‘Song categories’ panel presents three basic categories of songs distinguished based on their structure: A-songs built of a single rattle phrase, B-songs built of rattles and whistles, and C-songs built of more than two rattles and whistles produced in a sequence. The ‘Whistle phrases’ panel presents the different whistles (a–i) which are characterised in the main text. Similarly, the ‘Rattle and Rattle–Whistle phrases’ panel presents variation of rattles (j–o) and mixed rattle-whistle phrases (p, q).