Table 1 Baseline characteristics for Mazira Project participants included in the mineral analysis, 2018–2019.

Child characteristics

Child age (m)

7 (1.2)

7 (1.2)

Female

50

46

Firstborn

25

32

Malaria

12

14

Anemia (< 11 g/dL)

61

64

Breastfeeding

100

100

Consumed dairy in past 24 h

8

9

Consumed meat in past 24 h

2

3

Consumed fish in past 24 h

21

30

Consumed eggs in past 24 h

4

4

Maternal characteristics

Maternal age (y)

26 (6.9)

26 (6.6)

Maternal education

No formal education

22

11

Incomplete primary

62

60

Completed primary or greater

17

29

Maternal literacy

45

53

Maternal marital status

Unmarried

24

29

Monogamous

55

52

Polygamous

22

19

Maternal occupation

Farming or fishing

39

41

Service

24

25

Housewife

37

33

Household characteristics

Number children < 5y

2 (0.8)

2 (0.9)

Food insecurity category¹

None

15

23

Mild

4

3

Moderate

8

9

Severe

73

65

Distance to water source ≥ 10 min

54

55

Number of rooms in home

3 (1.2)

3 (1.2)

Own latrine

96

97

Poor floor quality²

75

74

Poor roof quality²

63

57

Poor wall quality²

46

43

Any cows owned

2

2

Any goats owned

22

21

Any chickens owned

35

33

Health center catchment area

Lungwena

49

49

Malindi

52

51