Figure 4

The effect of maternal and post-weaning treatment on the mean relative abundance (%) of bacterial phyla (A), Firmicutes (B), Bacteroidota (C) and Spirochaetota (D) in the ileum of offspring on day 8 post-weaning. Treatments are as follows (maternal treatment/post-weaning treatment): CON/CON, CON/PRO, PRO/CON and PRO/PRO; where CON isĀ control and PRO isĀ probiotic. Significant differences between treatments are indicated as *Pā<ā0.05, **Pā<ā0.01.