Figure 6

Characteristics of EMG activity. (A) Ensemble averaged (+ SD) EMG activity patterns of 24 bilateral leg muscles recorded in TD, HE and DI children. For SW, EMG activity is shown for both leading and trailing limbs. EMG data are plotted versus normalized gait cycle. (B) Center of activity (CoA) (mean + SD). For SW, asterisks denote significant differences between the limbs, while for FW, asterisks indicate differences with TD children (post-hoc Watson-Williams test p < 0.05). Red arrows schematically emphasize a significant shift of the timing of activity of TA and calf muscles of the leading limb in TD, while blue arrows point to relatively similar activity of these muscles in SW and FW. ADD adductor, GM gluteus maximus, LG gastrocnemius lateralis, MG gastrocnemius medialis, RF rectus femoris, SOL soleus, TA tibialis anterior, TFL tensor fascia latae, VL vastus lateralis, VM vastus medialis.