Table 5 Hazards of deaths due to all causes and cancers among exclusive waterpipe smokers after cessation in men.

From: Novel hazards of waterpipe tobacco and the benefits of stop smoking in men, a prospective cohort study

   

All causes

  

All cancers

 

Time to stop smoking

person-year

Cases

Multivariable adjusted

HR (95%CI) #

P for trend

Cases

Multivariable adjusted

HR (95%CI) &

P for trend

Less than four years

2853

50

1.00

 

12

1.00

 

4–7 years

2060

36

0.85 (0.55, 1.32)

 

9

1.07 (0.44, 2.58)

 

8–10 years

2340

42

0.76 (0.50, 1.15)

 

11

0.96 (0.41, 2.21)

 

Over ten years

2289

46

0.59 (0.39, 0.89)

0.011

4

0.26 (0.08, 0.83)

0.033

  1. Adjusted for age groups (10–19, 20–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–69, 70–79, 80 +); Education level (< 6 years, 7 + years, unknown); Available fridge at home (yes/no, unknown); BMI (kg/m2, < 18.5, 18.5- < 23, 23 + , unknown); Alcohol consumption (yes/no, unknown); Family history of cancer; Total energy intake (Kcal/day, quintiles); Protein intake (g/day, quintiles); Lipid intake (g/day, quintiles); Carbohydrate intake (g/day, quintiles). # adjusted for “&” and additional health history of hypertension.
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