Table 1 Participant characteristics.
From: Achromatic and chromatic contrast discrimination in patients with type 2 diabetes
Variable | Type 2 diabetes (n = 42) | Non-diabetic Control (n = 38) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 58.1 (9.9) | 53.4 (15.2) | 0.01* |
Sex | |||
Male | 22 (52.4%) | 18 (47.4%) | 0.65 |
Female | 20 (47.6%) | 20 (52.6%) | |
Hypertension | |||
Yes | 26 (61.9%) | 12 (31.6%) | < 0.01* |
No | 16 (38.1%) | 26 (68.4%) | |
Cataract | |||
Normal | 7 16.7%) | 32 (84.2%) | < 0.01* |
Cataract | 33 (78.6%) | 5 (13.2%) | |
s/p cataract surgery | 2 (4.8%) | 1 (2.6%) | |
Lens opacity severity | |||
Normal | 9 (21.4%) | 33 (86.8%) | |
Mild | 26 (61.9%) | 5 (13.2%) | < 0.01* |
Severe | 7 (16.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
Visual acuity (log MAR) | 0.08 (0.21) | − 0.08 (0.11) | < 0.01* |
VA of no-DR | 0.01 (0.14) | – | 0.52 |
VA of NPDR | 0.13 (0.29) | – | < 0.01* |
VA of PDR | 0.27 (0.17) | – | < 0.01* |
Diabetic retinopathy levels | – | – | |
No-DR | 24 (57.1%) | – | – |
NPDR | 12 (28.6%) | – | – |
PDR | 6 (14.3%) | – | – |
HbA1c (%) | 7.3 (0.9) | – | – |
Duration of diabetes (years) | 9.7 (6.5) | – | – |
T-CHO (mg/dL) | 198.3 (64.3) | – | – |
Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 242.5 (479.5) | – | – |
LDL (mg/dL) | 110.3 (35.8) | – | – |
HDL (mg/dL) | 44.6 (12.3) | – | – |
GPT (U/L) | 36.3 (33.2) | – | – |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.2 (1.3) | – | – |
