Figure 3

Dominant balance method applied to the Kuznetsov-Ma breather. (a-i) Spatio-temporal evolution of \(|\psi (\xi ,\tau )|^2\). (a-ii) Segmented map of the evolution space where the color key describes: only nonlinear and propagation terms (blue), and all NLSE terms (orange). Using the same color key, (b) shows cluster identification for: (i) real parts of \(\{i\psi _{\xi },\psi _{\tau \tau }, \psi |\psi |^2\}\); (ii) real parts of \(\{\psi |\psi |^2, i\psi _{\xi }\}\); (iii) real parts of \(\{\psi |\psi |^2, \psi _{\tau \tau }\}\). (c) Using the same color key, (i) shows the intensity profile at \(\xi = 0.\) (ii) Individual contributing terms in the NLSE at \(\xi = 0\), as indicated in the legend of Fig. 1c-ii.