Table 3 List of the human and macaque infant behaviours coded.

From: Similarities and differences in the functional architecture of mother- infant communication in rhesus macaque and British mother-infant dyads

Infant behaviours

Human subjects

Rhesus macaques

Proto-communicative mouth gestures

 Tongue protrusion

 Mouth opening

Proto-communicative mouth gestures

 Tongue protrusion

 Mouth opening

Affiliative gestures (i.e., smiles)

Affiliative gestures (i.e., lip-smacking)

Neutral-Positive vocalisations

Neutral-Positive vocalisations

Non-social mouth movements

Non-social mouth movements

Negative vocalisations

Negative vocalisations

Negative expressions

Negative mouth movements