Table 1 Summary of proposed exoplanet atmosphere technosignature gases including simulated in-transit observation times.

From: Fully fluorinated non-carbon compounds NF3 and SF6 as ideal technosignature gases

Technosignature gas

Planet type

Atmosphere type

Star type

JWST detectable abundance

Observation time

CFC 14 (CF4)

Rocky-Earth-size

N2-dominated

White Dwarf

10 × present Earth’s atm. abundance

40.8 h28

CFC-11 (CCl3F)

Rocky-Earth-size

N2-dominated

White Dwarf

10 × present Earth’s atm. abundance

28.8 h28

CFC-11 (CCl3F)

Rocky-Earth-size

N2-dominated

M-dwarf

0.225 ppb

100–300 h12

CFC-12 (CCl2F2)

Rocky-Earth-size

N2-dominated

M-dwarf

0.515 ppb

100–300 h12

NO2

Rocky-Earth-size

N2-dominated

M-dwarf

20 × present Earth’s atm. abundance

*500 h32

NH3, N2O

Rocky-Earth-size

N2-dominated

G-dwarf

N/A

N/A33

  1. *not explicitly stated whether this is in-transit or both in-transit and out-of-transit time. N/A means no information available.