Figure 1
From: Propionic acid induces alterations in mitochondrial morphology and dynamics in SH-SY5Y cells
Propionic acid (PPA) reshapes mitochondrial morphology. (a) Representative transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images show a decrease in mitochondrial size with mitochondria becoming smaller and rounder with increasing PPA treatment; 0 mM (untreated), 3 mM and 5 mM respectively. Red arrows indicate mitochondria. (b–e) SH-SY5Y cells treated with PPA for 24 h underwent preparation for TEM and results were analyzed using Fiji/ImageJ. Four of the eight parameters showed significant differences between control (untreated, 0 mM PPA) and treated (3 mM and 5 mM PPA) cells. (b) Area2, (c) Area, (d) Perimeter, (e) Feret’s diameter. Significant differences were identified using one-way ANOVA (control compared to treatments) and Dunnett’s test for multiple comparisons (p < 0.05). Data points represent mitochondrial averages per individual cell and error bars represent mean ± SEM. The data shown represents n = 3 with a minimum of 24 cells per replicate; a total of 266 images were analyzed; * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01.
