Table 4 Experimental datasets used in the present novel ML models after considering outlier’s removal.
Reference | Count | W/B (–) | Cement (kg/m3) | Slag (kg/m3) | FA (kg/m3) | SF (kg/m3) | Fine aggregate (kg/m3) | Coarse aggregate (kg/m3) | SP (% by binder wt.) | Fresh density (kg/m3) | \({f}_{c}\) (MPa) | \({D}_{nssm}\) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Costa & Appleton (1999)64 | 24 | 0.30–0.50 | 300–500 | 0 | 0 | 0–21.5 | 0–822 | 1131–1704 | 0–0.02 |  ×  | 34–66 | 0.88–4.83 |
Thomas & Bamforth (1999)65 | 18 | 0.48–0.66 | 110–288 | 0–255 | 0–98 | 0 | 585–660 | 1240–1305 | 0 |  ×  | 37.9–49.6 | 0.59–10 |
Hao–bo & Guo–zhi (2004)66 | 16 | 0.36 | 192–480 | 0–147 | 0–216 | 0–24 | 614–696 | 1061–1147 | 0.9–1.0 |  ×  | 49.1–63.1 | 0.74–7.0 |
Alizadeh et al. (2008)67 | 2 | 0.5 | 370–400 | 0 | 0 | 0–30 | 778 | 956 | 0–0.01 | 2355–2370 | 39–54.1 | 0.99–1.51 |
Song & Kwon (2009)31 | 120 | 0.37–0.47 | 178–454 | 0–227 | 0–136 | 0–23 | 745–838 | 921–976 | 0.01 |  ×  |  ×  | 0.22–6.3 |
Shekarchi et al. (2009)68 | 60 | 0.35–0.50 | 350–400 | 0 | 0 | 0–50 | 778–936 | 955–1022 | 0–0.02 | 2255–2467 | 33.9–79.6 | 0.22–12.54 |
Audenaert & De Schutter (2010)69 | 20 | 0.37–0.60 | 300–450 | 0 | 0–240 | 0 | 626–923 | 583–1225 | 0 |  ×  | 40.3–74.7 | 0.15–13.5 |
Jain & Neithalath (2011)70 | 15 | 0.40 | 344–430 | 0 | 0–86 | 0–39 | 730–743 | 1050–1058 | 0 |  ×  |  ×  | 1.65–9.94 |
Liu et al. (2011)71 | 21 | 0.38–0.54 | 400–500 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 321–517 | 518–1098 | 0–0.65 | 1610–2360 | 31–75 | 6.5–19.1 |
Maes et al. (2013)72 | 4 | 0.50 | 52–350 | 0–295 | 0 | 0 | 785–791 | 1036–1043 | 0 | 2331–2350 |  ×  | 3.93–8.98 |
Elfmarkova et al. (2015)73 | 4 | 0.40 | 312.3–520.6 | 0–312.3 | 0–442.5 | 0–468.5 | 1574.1 | 0 | 0.2–0.4 | 2150–2210 | 51.9–60.4 | 2.49–11.15 |
Real et al. (2015)74 | 86 | 0.35–0.55 | 175–450 | 0 | 0–180 | 0–45 | 703–1272.7 | 0–593.2 | 0 |  ×  | 16.9–84.2 | 3.8–22.8 |
Bogas & Gomes (2015)75 | 49 | 0.30–0.55 | 270–525 | 0 | 0–735 | 0–36 | 646–1073 | 266.35–915.53 | 0–0.83 | 1483–2411 | 30.9–76.2 | 3.4–19.9 |
Liu et al. (2015)76 | 16 | 0.30–0.54 | 144–471 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 235–874 | 255–1064 | 0–4.17 | 1364–2365 |  ×  | 4.9–19.1 |
Farahani et al. (2015)77 | 12 | 0.35–0.5 | 350–370 | 0 | 0 | 30–50 | 782–931 | 955–1020 | 0–0.02 |  ×  |  ×  | 0.33–2.7 |
Park et al. (2016)78 | 105 | 0.35–0.55 | 128–470 | 0–282 | 0–141 | 0 | 669–815 | 927–978 | 0.7–1.22 |  ×  |  ×  | 1.02–42.04 |
Ferreira et al. (2016)79 | 15 | 0.45–0.60 | 330–440 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 600–710 | 1240–1240 | 0 |  ×  | 18.9–44.8 | 5.7–54 |
Pilvar et al. (2016)80 | 24 | 0.35–0.45 | 297.5–400 | 0 | 0 | 0–60 | 1037–1150 | 692–766 | 0–1.10 |  ×  | 46–80 | 1.41–14.3 |
Choi et al. (2017)81 | 12 | 0.40–0.60 | 350 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 707–742 | 1080–1135 | 0 |  ×  |  ×  | 8.74–133.6 |
Liu et al. (2017)82 | 15 | 0.38–0.53 | 286–454 | 0 | 0–123 | 0 | 689–729 | 1041–1094 | 0 |  ×  | 34.6–74.3 | 2.3–9.27 |
Shiu & Yang (2020)83 | 16 | 0.34– 0.65 | 168–495 | 0– 242 | 0 | 0 | 786 | 934 | 0– 2.07 |  ×  | 231– 483 | 3.24– 26.7 |
Naito et al. (2020)84 | 138 | 0.19–0.65 | 13.02–2384.97 | 0–1284.4 | 0–74.2 | 0–29.7 | 27.5–904.9 | 26.4–1187.2 | 0 | 2176.9–2447.6 | 19.2–80.6 | 0.55–30.6 |
Sell Junior et al. (2021)85 | 6 | 0.45–0.65 | 320–400 | 0 | 0 | 80 | 587.2–640.0 | 880.8– 960.0 | 0 |  ×  | 40.6– 74.5 | 0.20– 6.02 |
Pontes et al. (2021)86 | 20 | 0.35– 0.55 | 245–450 | 0 | 0– 135 | 0– 27 | 606.2– 822.2 | 935.1– 1154.96 | 0 |  ×  | 26.1– 78.0 | 5.9– 25.2 |