Table 4 Critical strains for different structures and materials.

From: Cracking and damage analysis of a masonry structure based on joint masonry model caused by a obliquely undercrossing tunnel

Researchers

Tensile strain (%)

Structure type

Polshin and Tokar (1957)

0.05

Brick and concrete structure

Burhose (1969)

0.038–0.06

Brick wall

Mainstone (1971, 1974)

0.02–0.137

Frame structure with brick

Littlejohn (1974)

0.02–0.03

Brick wall

Burland and Worth (1974)

0.03–0.09

Wall and slab

Boscardin and Cording (1989)

0.05

Masonry structure

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