Table 6 Optimized values for various layers of CZTS-based SC.

From: SCAPS study on the effect of various hole transport layer on highly efficient 31.86% eco-friendly CZTS based solar cell

Optimized PV parameter

CZTS

Cu2O

Thickness (µm)

1.5

0.05

Acceptor doping density (cm−3)

1 × 1019

1 × 1019

Defect density (cm−3)

1 × 1015

Interface defect density (cm−2)

CZTS/Cu2O = 1012

CZTS/ZnS = 1012

Electron affinity (eV)

3.2

Series and shunt resistance (Ω cm2)

Rs = 0–4, Rsh = 2500–3000

Temperature

300 K