Figure 9

The input and target time series are defined as \(x(t-\tau )\) and x(t), respectively (Eq. 22). Plots (a,b) are MG19 input and 19-step delay target time series and prediction result, respectively. The same applies for plots (c,d) for MG25. Training data sequences are between time step indices 20–300 and test data sequences are between 301 and 400. Test set prediction performance metrics are in Table 2.