Table 1 Modified brooker staging system.

From: Efficacy of ibuprofen and indomethacin as prophylaxis of heterotopic ossification: a comparative study

Class

Radiographic findings

Brooker 0

No sign of heterotopic ossification

Brooker I

Bony islands in the soft tissue around the hip

Brooker II

Exophytes in the pelvis or proximal end of the femur with at least 1 cm between opposing bone surfaces

Brooker III

Exophytes in the pelvis or proximal end of the femur with less than 1 cm between opposing bone surfaces

Brooker IV

Bony ankylosis between proximal femur and pelvis

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