Table 5 Densities of natural enemies in different weed management treatments.

From: Suppression of weed and insect populations by living and straw mulches in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Weed management treatments

Densities of natural enemies

Coccinella septompunctata (no. m−2)

Coccinella undecimpunctata (no. m−2)

Orius niger (no. m−2)

Weed-freea

3.3 ± 0.4 e

2.1 ± 0.3 e

5.6 ± 0.8 d

Trifluralin

10.6 ± 0.9 b

6.3 ± 0.2 c

9.2 ± 1.2 c

WSM

5.3 ± 0.6 d

3.9 ± 0.2 d

8.4 ± 1.3 c

FLM

11.1 ± 0.8 b

8.4 ± 0.8 b

14.9 ± 1.4 b

VLM

10.5 ± 1.0 b

8.9 ± 0.9 b

16.9 ± 1.1 b

CLM

14.4 ± 1.4 a

11.3 ± 1.1 a

21.1 ± 2.1 a

OHW

8.1 ± 0.7 c

7.9 ± 0.7 b

15.6 ± 1.3 b

Weed-infested

8.3 ± 0.8 c

6.2 ± 0.3 c

8.9 ± 1.4 c

  1. The presented data are means for 2 years (2020 and 2021). Values given after means are standard errors (± SE). Means within each column with similar letters are not significantly different at p ≤ 0.05 by LSD test.
  2. aThe abbreviations of the weed management treatments were presented in Table 13.
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