Table 6 Diagnostic results under different sampling methods.

From: Transformer fault diagnosis method based on TLR-ADASYN balanced dataset

Data enhancement method

Accuracy rate (%)

Kappa coefficient

TRL-ADASYN

97.06

0.9659

ADASYN

95.59

0.9489

SMOTE

94.12

0.9322

Random oversampling

91.67

0.9041

ROS downsampling

88.24

0.8654

Unbalanced data sets

78.57

0.7164