Figure 1 | Scientific Reports

Figure 1

From: Modelling bronchial epithelial-fibroblast cross-talk in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) using a human-derived in vitro air liquid interface (ALI) culture

Figure 1

Schematic representation of the human respiratory environment in health and fibrotic disease (A). Experimental setup of in vitro cell cultures showing the various configurations (B). Primary human fibroblasts (healthy or diseased) and epithelial cells were grown in monoculture (left) or co-culture (right). Optimised experimental protocol (C) where epithelial cells were seeded (day 0), air-lifted (day 7) and differentiated (days 7–28) before fibroblasts were added to the underside of the membrane inserts (day 28). After one week of fibroblast culture (either in mono- or co-culture), cell groups were stimulated with TGFβ-1 for a further week before end point assays were performed. NHBE = Normal Human Bronchial Epithelial cell; NHLF = Normal Human Lung Fibroblast; DHLF = Diseased Human Lung Fibroblasts. Schematic created with Biorender.com.

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