Figure 7

(a) Time series of columnar water vapor from soundings at Quito (black dots) overlapped with columnar PW (precipitable water vapor) from AERONET Version 3 Level 2.0 (5-min data, red line), and MERRA-2 Total PW (1-h data, blue line). (b) 1:1 comparison and linear regression between AERONET PW (interpolated to sounding time stamp) and sounding measurements. The time window for comparisons is indicated by colored dots with the number of data points in parentheses. (c) Time series of differentials between AERONET and sounding columnar water vapor with quantification of mean bias (mean of differentials) and uncertainty (1 standard deviation). (d) and (e) are same as (b) and (c), but for comparisons between 1-h MERRA-2 Total PW (interpolated to sounding time stamp) and sounding measurements.