Table 3 The mycelial growth of A. apis 1.2 on PDA plate for 7 days (n = 9/treatment) of treated honeybee larvae after being inoculated with spores treated in liquid phase and PAW by argon plasma at gas flow rate of 0.25 Lpm for 5 min and 0.50 Lpm for 10 min, respectively.
Treatment | Mycelium growth* (mm) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 4 | Day 5 | Day 6 | Day 7 | |
Royal jelly (control) | 0.00 ± 0.00a | 0.00 ± 0.00a | 0.00 ± 0.00a | 0.00 ± 0.00a | 0.00 ± 0.00a | 0.00 ± 0.00a | 0.00 ± 0.00a |
Spore suspension (untreated) | 5.14 ± 0.26b | 6.89 ± 0.46b | 9.75 ± 0.84d | 15.26 ± 0.73d | 20.73 ± 0.91d | 25.39 ± 0.77d | 31.86 ± 1.67c |
PAW-treated spores | 0.41 ± 0.41a | 1.68 ± 0.84a | 5.28 ± 0.84bc | 7.03 ± 1.21bc | 8.77 ± 1.39bc | 11.10 ± 1.68bc | 13.29 ± 1.87b |
Plasma-treated spores | 0.00 ± 0.00a | 0.93 ± 0.62a | 4.09 ± 0.80b | 5.72 ± 1.10b | 6.99 ± 1.37b | 9.08 ± 1.80b | 11.59 ± 2.32b |
Nystatin-treated spores | 0.84 ± 0.56a | 5.26 ± 0.82b | 7.88 ± 0.68 cd | 10.39 ± 1.35c | 13.80 ± 1.97c | 16.66 ± 2.38c | 19.09 ± 2.70b |