Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients, according to LDH level.
Variable | Overall | LDH < = 220 | LDH > 220 | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n | 130,879 | 116,935 | 13,944 | |
Sex (%) | ||||
Men | 66,561 (50.9) | 59,222 (50.6) | 7339 (52.6) | < 0.001 |
Women | 64,318 (49.1) | 57,713 (49.4) | 6605 (47.4) | |
Age (%) | ||||
Age < = 60 | 91,352 (69.8) | 82,632 (70.7) | 8720 (62.5) | < 0.001 |
Age > 60 | 39,527 (30.2) | 34,303 (29.3) | 5224 (37.5) | |
BMI (median [IQR]), kg/m2 | 23.00 [21.00, 25.00] | 23.00 [21.00, 25.00] | 23.00 [21.00, 26.00] | < 0.001 |
SBP (median [IQR]), mmHg | 124 [113, 137] | 124 [112, 137] | 126 [114,140] | < 0.001 |
Heart rate (median [IQR]), Beats per minute | 80 [73, 89] | 80 [73, 89] | 81 [74, 91] | < 0.001 |
ASA-PS (%) | ||||
I–II | 96,406 (73.7) | 88,445 (75.6) | 7961 (57.1) | < 0.001 |
III | 32,818 (25.1) | 27,625 (23.6) | 5193 (37.2) | |
IV–V | 1655 (1.3) | 865 (0.7) | 790 (5.7) | |
Emergency case (%) | ||||
Elective | 122,517 (93.6) | 110,824 (94.8) | 11,693 (83.9) | < 0.001 |
Emergency | 8362 (6.4) | 6111 (5.2) | 2251 (16.1) | |
General anaesthesia | ||||
Yes | 123,382 (94.3) | 110,547 (94.5) | 12,835 (92.0) | < 0.001 |
No | 7497 (5.7) | 6388 (5.5) | 1109 (8.0) | |
Surgery duration (median [IQR]), minutes | 90.00 [50.00, 154.00] | 90.00 [50.00, 150.00] | 90.00 [45.00, 170.00] | 0.765 |
Anesthesia duration (median [IQR]), minutes | 144.00 [93.00, 221.00] | 144.00 [94.00, 219.00] | 146.00 [85.00, 246.00] | 0.036 |
Comorbid diseases (%) | ||||
Hypertension | 22,644 (17.3) | 19,310 (16.5) | 3334 (23.9) | < 0.001 |
Ischemic heart disease | 3373 (2.6) | 2948 (2.5) | 425 (3.0) | < 0.001 |
Diabetes | 9379 (7.2) | 8168 (7.0) | 1211 (8.7) | < 0.001 |
COPD | 5720 (4.4) | 4994 (4.3) | 726 (5.2) | < 0.001 |
Liver disease | 22,891 (17.5) | 20,212 (17.3) | 2679 (19.2) | < 0.001 |
Renal failure | 3661 (2.8) | 2819 (2.4) | 842 (6.0) | < 0.001 |
Malignancy tumor | 40,391 (30.9) | 36,846 (31.5) | 3545 (25.4) | < 0.001 |
Surgical subspecialty (%) | ||||
Central Nervous System | 11,533 (8.8) | 10,196 (8.7) | 1337 (9.6) | < 0.001 |
Bones and Muscles | 21,615 (16.5) | 18,531 (15.8) | 3084 (22.1) | |
Pulmonary and Vascular | 13,872 (10.6) | 12,978 (11.1) | 894 (6.4) | |
Gastrointestinal Tract, Biliary Tract, Pancreas, and Liver | 36,127 (27.6) | 32,081 (27.4) | 4046 (29.0) | |
Breast, Thyroid, Otolaryngology, Head and Neck, Skin and Soft Tissue | 25,007 (19.1) | 23,054 (19.7) | 1953 (14.0) | |
Other | 22,725 (17.4) | 20,095 (17.2) | 2630 (18.9) | |
Preoperative laboratory tests (median [IQR]) | ||||
Hb, g/L | 135.00 [123.00, 147.00] | 135.00 [124.00, 147.00] | 131.00 [113.00, 146.00] | < 0.001 |
WBC, × 109/L | 5.78 [4.77, 7.09] | 5.72 [4.74, 6.95] | 6.47 [5.08, 8.65] | < 0.001 |
NLR | 2.09 [1.54, 3.05] | 2.03 [1.51, 2.89] | 2.91 [1.89, 5.45] | < 0.001 |
Na, mmol/L | 141.20 [139.70, 142.70] | 141.30 [139.80, 142.70] | 140.90 [138.80, 142.60] | < 0.001 |
K, mmol/L | 4.06 [3.84, 4.29] | 4.06 [3.84, 4.28] | 4.10 [3.82, 4.40] | < 0.001 |
BUN, mmol/L | 4.90 [4.00, 6.00] | 4.80 [4.00, 5.90] | 5.10 [4.10, 6.60] | < 0.001 |
CRE, μmol/L | 67.00 [57.00, 80.00] | 67.00 [57.00, 80.00] | 68.00 [57.00, 83.00] | < 0.001 |
Tbil, μmol/L | 11.40 [8.60, 15.10] | 11.30 [8.60, 14.90] | 12.40 [9.00, 17.40] | < 0.001 |
ALB, g/L | 44.10 [41.10, 46.80] | 44.10 [41.30, 46.80] | 43.40 [38.50, 47.00] | < 0.001 |
ALP, U/L | 75.00 [61.00, 93.00] | 74.00 [61.00, 92.00] | 86.00 [68.00, 111.00] | < 0.001 |
ALT, U/L | 18.00 [13.00, 28.00] | 18.00 [13.00, 27.00] | 24.00 [16.00, 41.00] | < 0.001 |
G, mmol/L | 5.03 [4.65, 5.61] | 5.01 [4.64, 5.55] | 5.31 [4.78, 6.36] | < 0.001 |
