Table 1 The characteristic of included subjects between different ePVS levels.
Variable | Total (n = 7055) | Non-COPD (n = 6812) | COPD (n = 243) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Niacin intake (mg/day) | 25.17 ± 0.23 | 25.29 ± 0.23 | 21.39 ± 0.62 | < 0.001 |
Gender | 0.080 | |||
Man | 3561 (50.47%) | 3427 (48.69%) | 134 (43.27%) | |
Female | 3494 (49.53%) | 3385 (51.31%) | 109 (56.73%) | |
Age (year) | < 0.001 | |||
< 30 | 1127 (15.97%) | 1126 (17.49%) | 1 (0.57%) | |
30–50 | 2475 (35.08%) | 2438 (43.87%) | 37 (23.91%) | |
> 50 | 3453 (48.94%) | 3248 (38.63%) | 205 (75.52%) | |
Mean ± SD | 47.13 ± 0.49 | 46.69 ± 0.49 | 60.75 ± 1.10 | < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 0.730 | |||
< 25 | 1628 (23.08%) | 1568 (25.18%) | 66 (25.98%) | |
25–30 | 2052 (29.09%) | 60 (27.88%) | 3258 (46.41%) | |
> 30 | 3375 (47.84%) | 1986 (28.41%) | 117 (46.14%) | |
Mean ± SD | 28.52 ± 0.16 | 28.51 ± 0.17 | 28.67 ± 0.73 | 0.830 |
Race | < 0.001 | |||
Mexican American | 1323 (18.75%) | 1311 (7.27%) | 12 (0.74%) | |
Non-hispanic black | 1429 (20.26%) | 1393 (10.33%) | 36 (5.94%) | |
Non-hispanic white | 3833 (54.33%) | 3648 (74.05%) | 185 (88.32%) | |
Other hispanic | 211 (2.99%) | 210 (3.51%) | 1 (0.21%) | |
Other race | 259 (3.67%) | 250 (4.84%) | 9 (4.79%) | |
Income | 0.02 | |||
< 20,000 | 1529 (21.67%) | 1459 (15.16%) | 70 (22.84%) | |
≥ 20,000 | 5526 (78.33%) | 5353 (84.84%) | 173 (77.16%) | |
Education | 0.09 | |||
<High school | 1872 (26.53%) | 1792 (15.85%) | 80 (23.95%) | |
=High school | 1739 (24.65%) | 1683 (25.83%) | 56 (24.48%) | |
>High school | 1739 (24.65%) | 3337 (58.32%) | 107 (51.57%) | |
Smoking | < 0.001 | |||
Former | 1950 (27.64%) | 1813 (25.06%) | 137 (53.78%) | |
Never | 3559 (50.45%) | 3527 (51.44%) | 32 (13.74%) | |
Now | 1546 (21.91%) | 1472 (23.50%) | 74 (32.48%) | |
Alcohol | < 0.001 | |||
Former | 1577 (22.35%) | 1474 (17.61%) | 103 (35.45) | |
Heavy | 1298 (18.4%) | 1266 (20.41%) | 32 (16.53%) | |
Mild | 2239 (31.74%) | 2169 (34.21%) | 70 (29.72%) | |
Moderate | 1000 (14.17%) | 977 (16.51%) | 23 (12.54%) | |
Never | 941 (13.34%) | 926 (11.28%) | 15 (5.76%) | |
Hypertension | < 0.001 | |||
No | 3933 (55.75%) | 3866 (62.80%) | 67 (32.28%) | |
Yes | 3122 (44.25%) | 2946 (37.20%) | 2946 (37.20%) | |
Diabetes | < 0.001 | |||
No | 1076 (15.25%) | 1019 (11.01%) | 57 (20.13%) | |
Yes | 5979 (84.75%) | 5793 (88.99%) | 186 (79.87%) | |
Marital status | < 0.001 | |||
Married/living with partner | 4401 (62.38%) | 4255 (66.36%) | 146 (66.35%) | |
Never married | 1052 (14.91%) | 1036 (15.27%) | 16 (5.97%) | |
Widowed/divorced/separated | 1602 (22.71%) | 1521 (18.36%) | 81 (27.67%) |
