Table 1 Measurements (mean ± standard error) of O. lancea and O. japonica.

From: Rheophytic Osmunda lancea (Osmundaceae) exhibits large flexibility in the petiole

Trait

O. lancea

O. japonica

Morphological measurements

 Angle at base of pinnules (°)

52.6 ± 2.13

b

165.3 ± 3.16

a

 Width at widest part of pinnules (mm)

8.0 ± 0.30

b

17.7 ± 0.99

a

 Long/short diameter ratio

1.1 ± 0.01

a

1.1 ± 0.01

a

Mechanical measurements

 Bending strength σmax (N/mm2)

34.9 ± 1.28

a

27.6 ± 2.19

b

 Breaking strain εmax (%)

7.7 ± 0.31

a

2.4 ± 0.20

b

 Bending modulus of elasticity E (MPa)

1621.7 ± 71.48

a

1836.0 ± 200.02

a

Anatomical measurements

 Cell wall fraction per unit area

0.5 ± 0.01

b

0.6 ± 0.01

a

 Transverse cell area (µm2)

127.5 ± 10.85

a

87.1 ± 4.11

b

 Sclerenchyma length (µm)

723.2 ± 21.84

a

550.1 ± 31.26

b

  1. Columns marked by different letters differ significantly according to the t-test (p < 0.05).