Table 1 The comparisons between current study and the previous studies.
From: Audiovisual integration in the McGurk effect is impervious to music training
Proverbio, Massetti, Rizzi & Zani (2016) | Politzer-Ahles & Pan (2019) | Current study | |
|---|---|---|---|
Conclusion | No McGurk effect in musicians | Stronger McGurk effect in musicians than non-musicians | Music training does not affect the McGurk effect |
Stimuli | Audiovisual + auditory only | audiovisual congruent + audiovisual incongruent + auditory only | audiovisual (congruent + incongruent) |
Task instruction | Write down “what they had heard” | answer through keyboard “what sound they believed they heard” | Answer what the person said (forced choice) |
Groups in different conditions | Between-subject | within-subject | Within-subject |
Musician definition | Average 23.4 years of music learning experience | at least 13 years of training | A continuous scale (Gold-Musical Sophistication Index) |
Non-musicians inclusion | Lack of musical studies and specific interest in music as a hobby | No music training within the past 10 years | A continuous scale (Gold-Musical Sophistication Index) |
Country/Native Language | Italy/Italian | Hong Kong/Mandarin or Cantonese | USA/Multiple (e.g., Arabic, English, French, Hindi, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Mandarin, Spanish, Turkish) |
Sample size (Musicians/Non-musicians) | 20/20 | 62/62 | 73 (continuous scale) 30/43 based on the United States norm in music training |
Gender (Male/Female) | 16/24 | 22/102 | 26/45/1 (non-binary) /1 (not reported) |
Stimuli background noise | No background noise | With background noise | no background noise |
Dependent variable | Accuracy of the task | Accuracy of the task | Accuracy of the task and the proportion of the McGurk effect |
Number of speakers | 2 | 1 | 8 |
Number of syllables tested | 8 | 8 | 3 basic McGurk syllables |
Proportion of the congruency | 64 congruent auditory, 64 incongruent (per group) | 8 congruent, 56 incongruent | 96 congruent, 96 incongruent |
Presentation approach | Powerpoint | DMDX | MATLAB |
Analysis | ANOVA on arcsine-transformed data | Generalized linear mixed-effects models | Regression |
Inter-trial interval | 5 s | 4 s | Self-paced |
Distance from the monitor | 80 cm | Not controlled | 57 cm |
Video size | Not reported | Not reported | 12.5° × 10° |
Eye-tracking | Not reported | Not reported | Recorded for 2/3 of the participants |
Response coding | Manual | Automated (based on the first character of response) | Automatic |
McGurk trial number | 8 stimuli × 8 times | 8 stimuli × 8 times | 8 stimuli × 12 times |
Experiment administration | Not reported | Group | Individual |
