Table 1 Maximum relative error of different turbulence models (%).

From: Coupling vibration analysis of heat exchanger tube bundles under different stiffness conditions

Positions

x/d = 0

x/d = 2.5

x/d = 4.2

x/d = 6.7

RNG k–ε

3.7

27.6

34.7

34.4

SST k–ω

5.6

13.8

16.2

9.3

Transition SST

6.3

38.7

36.3

11.7