Table 2 Wald statistics for fixed effects and their interactions for pasture mineral concentrations for macro elements, micro elements, mineral ratios and indices over 12 years.

From: Long-term liming changes pasture mineral profile

Strata/decomposition

Effecta

Ca

K

Mg

Na

P

S

Cl

Si

Cu

Fe

Mn

Zn

Al

K:Nad

K:(Na + Mg )e

Ca:Pf

Tetanyg

DCADh

Macro elementb

Micro elementc

Experimental unit

 Lime

F

54.1**

1.9n.s

2.2n.s

5.7*

0.4n.s

2.4n.s

2.9n.s

43.5***

11.5***

0.2n.s

70.4***

55.9***

0.4n.s

1.1n.s

0.5n.s

28.1***

9.0**

43.8***

 Pasture

F

5.7*

7.6**

12.0***

9.9**

0.6n.s

8.4**

13.6***

27.5***

0.0n.s

2.1n.s

1.4n.s

0.1n.s

1.0n.s

0.3n.s

0.5n.s

6.4*

11.5***

0.1n.s

 Lime × Pasture

F

0.3n.s

0.4n.s

0.1n.s

0.1n.s

0.1n.s

0.2n.s

3.6 (P = 0.06)

0.7n.s

5.8*

0.2n.s

0.5n.s

1.0n.s

1.8n.s

0.1n.s

0.3n.s

0.2n.s

1.2n.s

3.1n.s

  Residual

R

                  

Experimental unit × Year

Year

F

0.9n.s

56.8***

91.3***

60.4***

166.3***

3.4n.s

287.8***

78.9***

114.2***

7.6***

92.9***

114.5***

37.0***

25.9***

7.7***

36.3***

22.1***

18.9***

 Lime × Year

F

1.8n.s

4.0*

17.7***

0.1n.s

33.6***

0.1n.s

4.4*

0.8n.s

0.0n.s

5.8*

16.7***

0.3n.s

1.0n.s

0.4n.s

0.0n.s

1.1n.s

0.4n.s

23.5***

 Pasture × Year

F

10.2**

0.9n.s

0.0n.s

0.6n.s

16.1***

0.8n.s

0.8n.s

0.3n.s

5.1*

0.6n.s

2.3n.s

2.8n.s

0.2n.s

0.1n.s

0.7n.s

21.5***

3.6n.s

1.4n.s

 Lime × Pasture × Year

F

0.9n.s

0.1n.s

1.6n.s

2.0n.s

4.6*

0.5n.s

0.4n.s

0.0n.s

0.2n.s

0.0n.s

0.7n.s

0.1n.s

1.2n.s

2.1n.s

1.8n.s

2.3n.s

0.5n.s

1.0n.s

  Residual

R

                  
  1. aF, Fixed effect; R, Random effect; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ns, not significant.
  2. bMacro elements: Ca, calcium; K, potassium; Mg, magnesium; Na, sodium; P, phosphorus; S, sulphur; and Cl, chloride.
  3. cMicro elements: Al, aluminium; Mn, manganese; Cu, cupper; Fe, iron; Zn, zinc; and Si, silicon.
  4. dK:Na = K/Na ratio29.
  5. eK/(Na + Mg) (milliequivalent) = (K/0.039)/[(Na/0.023) + (Mg/0.012)]29.
  6. fCa:P = Ca/P ratio29.
  7. gTetany Index (milliequivalent) = (K/0.039)/[(Ca/0.02) + (Mg/0.012)]29.
  8. hDCAD (dietary cation–anion difference, milliequivalent/100 g) = DCAD = [(Na/0.023 + K/0.039) − (Cl/0.0355 + S/0.016)]29.