Figure 5
From: Inequalities in regional excess mortality and life expectancy during the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe
Average excess mortality rates in groups defined by pre-pandemic life expectancy. Notes: Pre-pandemic life expectancy is defined as the average life expectancy over 2015–2019. The bottom (top) 20% includes 20% of the regions with the lowest (highest) pre-pandemic life expectancy. Excess mortality rates reflect the difference between the observed and predicted mortality rates. Predicted mortality rates are projected from the observed mortality rates between 2015 and 2019. The projection accounts for seasonality and linear time trends in mortality rates. The excess mortality of the total population is the weighted average of the age-specific excess mortality rates, where the weights are the population shares of the age groups on January 1. The whiskers represent 95% confidence intervals.
