Figure 2

Winds during 2021. (A) North–south wind stress from Newport, OR; upwelling(downwelling)-favorable, south(north)ward wind is shaded blue(red); gray shaded region denotes the summer upwelling season. (B) Cumulative wind stress during 2021 (blue curve) compared with data from 1985 to 2022 (mean is thick curve; ± one standard deviation denoted by thin curves).