Scientific Reports

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate negative binomial regression for factors associated with postoperative PCA pushes.

From: Sub-anesthetic dose of esketamine decreases postoperative opioid self-administration after spine surgery: a retrospective cohort analysis

	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	Z	P	IRR (95% CI)	Z	P
Sex	− 1.307	0.191
Age	− 1.016	0.309
BMI	− 1.024	0.306
Weight	− 0.285	0.776
Smoking	1.059	0.29
Drinking	2.408	0.016	1.332 (1.032, 1.737)	2.177	0.029
Lumbar surgery history	− 0.41	0.682
Cerebrovascular disease	− 1.663	0.0963
Heart disease	− 2.005	0.045	0.871 (0.667, 1.167)	− 1.024	0.306
Pulmonary disease	− 0.074	0.941
Hepatic disease	0.11	0.913
Renal disease	1.2	0.23
Hypertension	0.089	0.929
DM	− 0.623	0.533
ASA	− 0.375	0.708
Heart function	− 0.878	0.38
WBC	− 0.119	0.905
Neutrophil	0.143	0.886
Uric acid	− 0.274	0.784
CRP	− 0.377	0.707
Preoperative NSAID	− 2.66	0.008	0.856 (0.700, 1.044)	− 1.538	0.124
Azasetron	− 3.237	0.001	0.789 (0.624, 0.993)	− 1.975	0.048
Esketamine	− 4.589	4.46E−06	0.581 (0.458, 0.741)	− 4.440	9.00E−06
Dexamethasone	− 3.613	0.001	0.777 (0.627, 0.959)	− 2.311	0.021
Flurbiprofen	− 1.526	0.127
Dezocine	− 0.837	0.403
Hydromorphone	− 0.484	0.628
Dexmedetomidine	− 1.78	0.0751
Surgery duration	0.658	0.511
Surgery type	5.668	1.45E−08	1.737 (1.373, 2.188)	4.795	1.63E−06

ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, CI confidence interval, DM diabetes mellitus, IRRs incidence rate ratios, WBC white blood cell.

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