Figure 5

Whole-body angular momentum (WBAM) in sagittal and frontal planes during perturbed level walking (solid black curve), perturbed uphill (red curve), and perturbed downhill (blue curve) during slip and trip perturbations. The vertical shaded areas indicate significant differences between waveform data of level, uphill and downhill curved during perturbations as determined by a one-way repeated measures ANOVA (SPM results) for both slip and trip perturbations with slope as the independent variable. The horizontal lines below the curves represent post-hoc results with corrected \(\mathrm{\alpha }\) < 0.0167, where the blue bar indicates a significant difference between level and downhill, the red bar indicates a significant difference between level and uphill, and the gray lines indicate significant differences between uphill and downhill perturbed walking. The vertical dashed lines denote gait events namely: ipsilateral heel strike (iHS), contralateral toe off (cTO), contralateral heel strike (cHS), ipsilateral toe off (iTO).