Table 2 Result of determining the best parameters in XGB model based on PSO algorithm.

From: GIS-based non-grain cultivated land susceptibility prediction using data mining methods

Parameters

XGB

PSO-XGB

n-rounds

150

557

Lamba

0.1

1

Alpha

0.1

 − 0.11184

Eta

0.3

3

Population size

20

RMSE

0.31172

0.28542