Table 1 Baseline characteristics, medical history, and initial presentation of all study patients with acute pulmonary embolism.

From: Circulating miR-let7a levels predict future diagnosis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension

 

All study patients (n = 177)

Sex (female)

92 (51.9%)

Age (years)

70 (52–76)

BMI (kg/m2)

27.7 (24.5–31.1)

Risk factors for VTE and comorbidities

 Unprovoked PE

102 (57.1%)

 Previous PE

24 (13.4%)

 Recent surgery*

29 (16.2%)

 Pregnancy/post partum**

3 (1.7%)

 Thrombophilia

6 (3.4%)

 Hyperlipoproteinaemia

34 (19.2%)

Symptoms and clinical findings on admission

 Syncope

21 (11.7%)

 Heart rate (bpm)

88 (75–105)

 Dyspnoea

154 (86.2%)

 Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

130 (120–150)

 RV dysfunction†† on TTE n = 108

54 (50.0%)

 RV/LV ratio on CT n = 141

96 (68.0%)

 Elevated troponin (hsTnT ≥ 13.9 pg/ml) n = 72

42 (58.1%)

 ESC 2019 low risk

26 (14.7%)

 ESC 2019 intermediate-low risk

89 (50.3%)

 ESC 2019 intermediate-high risk

62 (35.0%)

 GFR (ml/min/1.73 m2)

75.3 (58.1–93.3)

 CRP (mg/l)

33 (11.1–68.1)

Complications, treatment and short-term outcomes

 Thrombolysis

13 (7.3%)

 Adverse outcome§§

11 (6.2%)

 PE-related death

4 (2.3%)

 All-cause death

4 (2.3%)

 In-hospital stay (days)

9 (6–13)

Follow-up and Long-term Outcome

 Longterm follow-up (days)

2968 (1186–2691)

 Longterm mortality

33 (18.5%)

 Recurrence of VTE

1 (0.6%)

 CTEPH

6 (3.4%)

  1. BMI body mass index, DVT deep vein thrombosis, PE pulmonary embolism, ESC Euopean Sociey of Cardiology, Spesi simplified Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index, CT computed tomography, TTE transthoracic echocardiography, RVD right ventricular dysfunction, hsTnT high sensitive troponin T, NT-proBNP N-terminal propeptide of B-type natriuretic peptide, GFR glomerular filtration rate, CRP C-reactive protein, VTE venous thromboembolism, CTEPH chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.
  2. *Within the last 4 weeks.
  3. **Post partum within the last 6 weeks.
  4. ††RV dysfunction was defined as dilatation of the right ventricle (end-diastolic diameter > 30 mm from the parasternal view, or a right ventricle/left ventricle diameter ratio > 1.0 from the subcostal or apical views), combined with right atrial hypertension (absence of the inspiratory collapse of the inferior vena cava).
  5. §Low risk was defined as absence of RV dysfunction and absence of troponin elevation; intermediate risk was defined as RV dysfunction and/or troponin elevation; high risk was defined as haemodynamic instability.
  6. §§Defined as mechanical ventilation, catecholamine administration, CPR or all-cause death within 30 days.
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