Table 3 Baseline characteristics, medical history, and initial presentation of 153 normotensive patients with acute pulmonary embolism stratified by miR-let7a above and below median.

From: Circulating miR-let7a levels predict future diagnosis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension

	All study patients (n = 153)	MiR let7a above median (n = 78)	MiR let7a below median (n = 75)	p-value
Sex (female)	78 (51.0%)	45 (58.4%)	33 (43.4%)	0.076
Age (years)	70 (52–76)	72 (51–78)	66 (51–73)	0.068
BMI (kg/m²)	27.7 (24.5–31.1)	28 (25–30)	28 (24–33)	0.514
Risk factors for VTE and comorbidities
Unprovoked PE	92 (60.1%)	45 (58.4%)	47 (61.8%)	0.742
Previous PE	23 (15.0%)	10 (13.0%)	13 (17.1%)	0.506
Recent surgery*	21 (13.7%)	13 (16.9%)	8 (10.5%)	0.348
Pregnancy/post partum**	3 (2.0%)	1 (1.3%)	2 (2.6%)	0.620
Thrombophilia	5 (3.3%)	1 (1.3%)	4 (5.3%)	0.209
Hyperlipoproteinaemia	34 (22.2%)	14 (18.2%)	20 (26.3%)	0.243
Chronic heart failure	21 (13.7%)	9 (11.7%)	12 (15.8%)	0.490
Coronary artery disease	22 (14.4%)	11 (14.3%)	11 (14.5%)	1.000
Chronic pulmonary disease	18 (11.8%)	6 (7.8%)	12 (15.8%)	0.140
Arterial hypertension	92 (60.1%)	44 (57.2%)	48 (63.2%)	0.510
Previous ischemic stroke	11 (7.2%)	5 (6.5%)	6 (7.9%)	0.765
Diabetes mellitus	24 (15.7%)	9 (11.7%)	15 (19.7%)	0.189
Symptoms and clinical findings on admission
Syncope	18 (11.8%)	7 (9.1%)	11 (14.5%)	0.327
Heart rate (bpm)	88 (75–105)	90 (76–105)	83 (75–103)	0.474
Heart rate ≥ 100 bpm	48 (31.4%)	24 (31.2%)	24 (31.6%)	1.000
Chest pain	91 (59.5%)	41 (53.2%)	50 (65.8%)	0.139
Dyspnoea	135 (88.2%)	68 (88.3%)	67 (88.2%)	1.000
Sepsis	43 (28.1%)	20 (26.0%)	23 (30.3%)	0.593
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	130 (120–150)	130 (120–150)	130 (120–150)	0.484
Mild hypotension (systolic BP < 100 mmHg)	4 (2.6%)	2 (2.6%)	2 (2.6%)	1.000
Hypoxia^† n = 129	33 (25.6%)	14 (20.6%)	19 (31.1%)	0.225
Echocardiography performed within 48 h	91 (59.5%)	45 (58.4%)	46 (60.5%)	0.870
RV dysfunction on TTE^†† n = 91	45 (49.5%)	27 (60.0%)	18 (39.1%)	0.060
Estimated systolic PAP n = 72	39 (32–50)	43 (35–52)	36 (25–50)	0.089
Computed tomography performed	148 (96.7%)	75 (97.4%)	73 (96.1%)	0.681
RV/LV ratio on CT n = 127	88 (69.3%)	49 (77.8%)	39 (60.9%)	0.054
Elevated troponin (hsTnT ≥ 13.9 pg/ml) n = 151	88 (58.3%)	55 (73.3%)	33 (43.4%)	< 0.001
Elevated NTproBNP (≥ 600 pg/ml) n = 151	75 (49.7%)	43 (57.3%)	32 (42.1%)	0.074
GFR (ml/min/1.73 m²)	75.3 (58.1–93.3)	73.5 (55.9–95.6)	76.4 (60.1–93.3)	0.456
CRP (mg/l)	33 (11.1–68.1)	34 (12.1–70.4)	25 (9.4–57.6)	0.350
Scores
sPESI ≥ 1	80 (52.3%)	40 (51.9%)	40 (52.6%)	1.000
ESC2019^§ (interm.-high vs. interm.-low and low-risk)	53 (34.6%)	30 (39.0%)	23 (30.3%)	0.309
Complications, treatment and short-term outcomes
Administration of catecholamines	8 (5.2%)	3 (3.9%)	5 (6.6%)	0.495
Mechanical ventilation	8 (5.2%)	3 (3.9%)	5 (6.6%)	0.495
Cardio-pulmonary resuscitation	2 (1.3%)	0 (0.0%)	2 (2.6%)	0.245
Thrombolysis	12 (7.8%)	8 (5.3%)	4 (2.6%)	0.357
Adverse outcome§§	9 (5.9%)	3 (3.9%)	6 (7.9%)	0.327
PE-related death	3 (2.0%)	1 (1.3%)	2 (2.6%)	0.620
All-cause death	3 (2.0%)	1 (1.3%)	2 (2.6%)	0.620
In-hospital stay (days)	9 (6–13)	8 (6–12)	8 (5–13)	0.727
Follow-up and long-term outcome
Longterm follow-up (days)	2968 (1186–2691)	2344 (1554–2986)	1927 (1097–2375)	0.013
Longterm mortality	28 (18.9%)	13 (17.6%)	15 (20.3%)	0.834
Recurrence of VTE	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	1.000
CTEPH	6 (3.9%)	5 (6.5%)	1 (1.3%)	0.210

Statistical methods: Data are presented as absolute numbers (percentages) or medians (25–75th percentile), (n) refers to the number of patients with available data, p-values were calculated by the Mann–Whitney U-test (A) or Fisher’s Exact test (B).
BMI body mass index, DVT deep vein thrombosis, PE pulmonary embolism, ESC Euopean Sociey of Cardiology, Spesi simplified Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index, CT computed tomography, TTE transthoracic echocardiography, RVD right ventricular dysfunction, hsTnT high sensitive troponin T, NT-proBNP N-terminal propeptide of B-type natriuretic peptide, GFR glomerular filtration rate, CRP C-reactive protein, VTE venous thromboembolism, CTEPH chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.
*Within the last 4 weeks.
**Post partum within the last 6 weeks.
^†Hypoxia was defined as methemoglobin oxygen saturation < 90% (regardless whether oxygen was given or not).
^††RV dysfunction was defined as dilatation of the right ventricle (end-diastolic diameter > 30 mm from the parasternal view, or a right ventricle/left ventricle diameter ratio > 1.0 from the subcostal or apical views), combined with right atrial hypertension (absence of the inspiratory collapse of the inferior vena cava).
^§Low risk was defined as absence of RV dysfunction and absence of troponin elevation; intermediate risk was defined as RV dysfunction and/or troponin elevation.
high risk was defined as haemodynamic instability.
^§§Defined as mechanical ventilation, catecholamine administration, CPR or all-cause death within 30 days.
Significant values are in bold.

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Table 3 Baseline characteristics, medical history, and initial presentation of 153 normotensive patients with acute pulmonary embolism stratified by miR-let7a above and below median.

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