Figure 10
From: A new approach for fast field calculation in electrostatic electron lens design and optimization
(a) Optimization of a 4-electrode lens system using GA, while the optical parameters are calculated by FEM (“FEM + GA”). The graph represents the objective function (OF) values (Y-axis) versus generation (X-axis). The black/blue dots show the best/mean objective function values at each generation. Figure (b) shows the zoomed-in data of figure a. System A is the best system found in this optimization with OF = 15.75, occurring at generation 83. ’CT’ stands for the computation time needed to run the optimization till the generation indicated by the green arrow.
