Figure 9
From: A new approach for fast field calculation in electrostatic electron lens design and optimization

(a) Comparison of crossover point (\(X_{C}\)), (b) chromatic aberation cofficient (\(C_{C}\)), (c,d) and spherical aberration coefficient (\(C_{S}\)), for the best 30 systems obtained using SOEM, FOEM and COMSOL. The 30 systems are the best non-identical optimized systems derived from an optimization using GA with data calculation by FOEM.