Table 4 Assessment of the gene expression levels of cGAS and STING and plasma levels of the investigated cytokines according to the number of symptoms and the presence and absence of comorbidities in the group with long COVID.

From: Severe COVID-19 and long COVID are associated with high expression of STING, cGAS and IFN-α

Variables

cGAS (RQ)

STING (RQ)

IFN-α (pg/mL)

TNF-α (pg/mL)

IL-6 (pg/mL)

Median (IIQ)

Median (IIQ)

Median (IIQ)

Median (IIQ)

Median (IIQ)

Number of symptoms

 2 a 4

0.28 (0.45)

0.05 (0.29)

1.90 (7.14)

8.24 (2.26)

7.85 (0.64)

 5 a 7

0.72 (1.50)

0.19 (0.74)

10.50 (17.90)

8.56 (2.88)

8.42 (2.94)

 8 a 10

0.35 (0.19)

0.18 (0.80)

21.30 (19.37)

8.24 (2.26)

7.70 (2.49)

 p

0.5080

0.6097

0.4342

0.9857

0.8519

Comorbidities

 Present

0.242 (0.43)

0.139 (0.17)

4.62 (12.12)

8.01 (1.69)

8.06 (3.12)

 Absent

0.437 (1.94)

0.297 (0.97)

11.70 (21.60)

8.96 (2.67)

8.01 (1.75)

 p

0.2382

0.3541

0.5474

0.9899

0.8739

  1. IIQ: interquartile range. Comorbidities: diabetes mellitus, chronic cardiovascular disease, obesity, chronic kidney disease.