Table 1 Vascular and neurovascular inflammation by regions of interest.

From: Three-dimensional identification of microvascular pathology and neurovascular inflammation in severe white matter hyperintensity: a case report

 

NAWM

Median (IQR)

WMH

Median (IQR)

p value

WMH vs NAWM

Vasculature (GLUT1)

 Vascular volume (mm3)

2.3 × 10–5 (1.7 × 10–5–8.4 × 10–5)

2.8 × 10–5 (1.7 × 10–5–3.7 × 10–5)

0.958

 Network length (mm)

48.3 (36.0–70.5)

33.4 (27.1–41.2)

 < 0.001

 Average branch length (µm)

2.6 (1.6–3.8)

6.9 (3.7–9.2)

 < 0.001

 Density of vascular trees (#/mm3)

294.4 (167.4–1183.1)

197.3 (154.6–335.1)

 < 0.001

 Density of vascular branches (#/mm3)

1412.5 (1085.6–2180.6)

874.0 (745.5–1014.8)

 < 0.001

 Branching per treea

5.1 (1.3–8.3)

4.6 (2.3–6.5)

0.086

 Vascular tortuosity index (≥ 1)

1.20 (1.18–1.25)

1.22 (1.19–1.26)

0.007

Microglia (IBA1)

 Microglia density (#/mm3)

3809.8 (799.6–7293.4)

4275.0 (2686.2–7919.4)

 < 0.001

 Scattered microglia volume (mm3)

0.008 (0.001–0.020)

0.008 (0.005–0.016)

0.060

 Clustered microglia volume (mm3)

0.003 (0.0001–0.019)

0.003 (0.0009–0.008)

0.006

 Total microglia volume (mm3)

0.012 (0.002–0.042)

0.011 (0.006–0.026)

0.878

Vascular inflammation (GLUT1 and IBA1)

 Vascular inflammationb (%)

2.2 (0.4–6.5)

1.6 (0–3.9)

 < 0.001

  1. GLUT1 glucose transporter 1, IBA1 ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1, IQR interquartile range (IQ25–IQ75), NAWM normal-appearing white matter, WMH white matter hyperintensity.
  2. aNumber of vascular bifurcations (branches) per vascular tree network.
  3. bColocalization between microglia and vasculature.
  4. Significant values are in bold.
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