Figure 2

Risk factors exhibiting similar impact on the trajectory of psychological strain. Risk factors include high social anxiety (a,b), low self-efficacy (c), and high maladaptive emotion regulation strategies (d). All risk factors were associated with elevated baseline strain prior to pandemic onset but also with a less severe increase until pandemic peak. Nevertheless, people with elevated risk factors reported consistently greater strain across all time points. Risk factors were analyzed as continuous variables but are depicted as median splits for simplicity. Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals of between-subject estimates. Boxplots denote 1st, 2nd, and 3rd quartiles with whiskers extending 1.5 inter-quartile ranges or until the most extreme data point has been reached. Data points beyond the whiskers are plotted individually.