Figure 1

Schematic drawing of the experimental photo-induced lensing (PIL) setup. A pulsed excitation laser beam is focused onto the sample. A continuous-wave laser is aligned along the same axis as the excitation beam to capture the focusing/defocusing effects. The change in intensity at the center of the probe beam, following transmission through the sample, is detected using a pinhole-laser line filter-photodetector assembly in the far-field. A digital oscilloscope, triggered by the photodiode (PD), recorded data at a 10 Hz repetition rate for the pulsed excitation. The sample’s temperature is maintained at \(298.15 \pm 0.05\) K. Details are given in Methods.