Figure 4

Time-dependent PIL transients. (a, b) Normalized PIL signal under pulsed laser excitation at 532 nm. The transients show the intensity variation of the center of a continuous probe laser beam transmitted through the cuvette-liquid interfaces measured by a photodetector in the far-field. Open symbols are experimental data and continuous lines represent the numerical calculations using S(t); confidence level of 95%. The uncertainties in (a) and (b) are smaller than 1% and correspond to the standard deviation of the mean over all the experiments (see Methods). The optical path length of the cuvette was \(L = 5\) mm with the cuvette walls having a thickness of \(L_\mathrm g = 1.25\) mm. (c, d) Total pressure calculated at the center of the liquid samples with contributions due to optical forces and thermally-induced stresses.