Table 1 Optimization of reaction conditions for reduction of 4-chloronitrobenzene.

From: Novel magnetic bimetallic AuCu catalyst for reduction of nitroarenes and degradation of organic dyes

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Entry

Cat. Au (mol%)

Cat. Cu (mol%)

Solvent

t (h)

Reductant

Yield (%)

1

0.06

0.16

H2O

2

NaBH4

50

2

0.1

0.24

H2O

2

NaBH4

65

3

0.15

0.35

H2O

2

NaBH4

100

4

0.15

0.35

H2O

2

NaBH4

61a

5

0.15

0.35

H2O

0.5

NaBH4

10

6

0.15

0.35

H2O

1

NaBH4

40

7

0.15

0.35

H2O

2

Hydrazine

2

8

0.15

0.35

H2O

2

Glycerol

0

9

0.15

0.35

H2O

2

Formic acid

0

10

0.15

0.35

CH3CN

2

NaBH4

25

11

0.15

0.35

DMF

2

NaBH4

20

12

0.15

0.35

Toluene

2

NaBH4

0

13

–

–

H2O

2

NaBH4

0b

14

0.15

–

H2O

2

NaBH4

11c

15

–

0.35

H2O

2

NaBH4

7d

  1. Reaction conditions: 4-chloro nitrobenzene (0.5 mmol), reductant agent (2 mmol), solvent (1.4 mL).
  2. Yields determined by GC.
  3. aReaction performed in the presence of 1 mmol of NaBH4.
  4. bReaction performed in the absence of the catalyst.
  5. cReaction performed using 0.15 mol% Au.
  6. dReaction performed using 0.35 mol% Cu.
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