Table 2 Comparison of clinical symptoms, nutritional status, exercise endurance, grip strength and malnutrition rate among different COPD grades.

N

81

88

63

19

Age (years)

62.48 ± 8.95^b

65.09 ± 8.58^ab

66.65 ± 7.04^a

67.74 ± 5.90^a

Height (cm)

168.41 ± 6.50

168.31 ± 6.50

167.52 ± 6.26

167.26 ± 5.26

Handgrip (kg)

40.54 ± 6.78^a

35.64 ± 6.88^b

31.93 ± 5.32^c

27.18 ± 6.28^d

6MWD (m)

572.79 ± 47.61^a

528.18 ± 51.22^b

488.91 ± 78.16^c

368.32 ± 74.76^d

AE (times)

0 (0,1)^d

1 (0,2)^c

2 (1,3)^b

4 (4,6)^a

CAT

5 (3,9)^c

9 (5,13)^b

17 (12,20)^a

20 (17,24)^a

mMRC

0 (0,1)^c

1 (0,2)^b

2 (2,3)^a

3 (3,3)^a

BMI (kg/m²)

23.82 ± 2.87^ab

23.89 ± 2.80^a

22.62 ± 3.17^bc

21.04 ± 3.27^c

VFA > 100cm²

14 (17.28%)

15 (17.05%)

15 (23.81%)

3 (15.79%)

WHR

0.87 (0.84,0.92)

0.85 (0.83,0.92)

0.88 (0.85,0.90)

0.88 (0.85,0.93)

SMM (kg)

28.08 ± 3.90^a

27.57 ± 3.62^a

25.49 ± 3.30^b

23.73 ± 3.56^b

FFMI (kg/m²)

17.93 ± 1.45^a

17.65 ± 1.41^a

16.64 ± 1.42^b

15.64 ± 1.69^c

Malnutrition

25 (30.86%)^b

32 (36.36%)^b

40 (63.49%)^a

14 (73.68%)^a