Table 1 Comparison of four methods of feeding the MLI.

From: A grey wolf optimization-based modified SPWM control scheme for a three-phase half bridge cascaded multilevel inverter

Configuration

\({V}_{o max}\)

Number of steps \(({N}_{step})\)

Number of levels \((m)\)

\(m if (n=3)\)

Percentage reduction in the number of switches

Symmetric

\(n.{V}_{dc}\)

\(n+1\)

\(2n+1\)

7

\(\left[1-\frac{m+3}{2\left(m-1\right)}\right]*100\)

Duplicated

\(2(n-1).{V}_{dc}\)

\(2n\)

\(4n-1\)

11

\(\left[1-\frac{\left({\text{m}}+9\right)}{4\left(m-1\right)}\right]*100\)

Binary

\({(2}^{n-1}).{V}_{dc}\)

\({2}^{n}\)

\(\left({2}^{n+1}\right)-1\)

15

\(\left[1-\frac{ln\left(2m+2\right)}{ln\left(2\right).\left(m-1\right)}\right]*100\)

Trinary

\(({3}^{n}-1/2).{V}_{dc}\)

\(({3}^{n}-1/2)\)

\({3}^{n}\)

27

\(\left[1-\frac{{\text{ln}}{(m-3)}^{2}+4}{2\left(m-1\right)}\right]*100\)